HERBAL REMEDIES FOR PARAGONIMIASIS IN YORUBA HERBAL MEDICINE BY BABALAWO OBANIFA -Obanifa extreme documentaries
In this series
Babalawo Obanifa will document some of the herbal formulae available in Yoruba
herbal medicine for the treatment of Paragonimiasis. The term used for the
description of Paragonimiasis in Yoruba herbal medicine parlance is known as Aran
Aya which can be literally translated to mean chest worm. In medical parlance
this is known as Paragonimiasis. Before I
document some of the herbal formula available for this purpose in Yoruba Herbal
medicine. I will first explore some information provide by trained health practitioner
on the topic under this discussion for education purpose. It is however instructive
that medical information made available in this work should not be regarded as
a substitute to the service o a qualified trained health practitioners where the service of one is require. Medical information
supply and adopted in this work is strictly for educational purpose.Webmed team
offer a concise definition of what Paragonimiasis
is . According to them ;Paramiagonisis is
an infection with parasitic worms. It is caused by eating undercooked crab or
crayfish.
Paragonimiasis can
cause illness resembling pneumonia or stomach flu. The infection
can last for years.
Paragonimiasis Causes
Paragonimiasis is
caused by infection with a flatworm. That's a parasitic worm also called a
fluke or lung fluke because it commonly infects the lungs. Usually, infection comes after eating
undercooked crab or crayfish that carry immature flukes.
Once swallowed by
a person, the worms mature and grow inside the body. Over months, the worms
spread through the intestines and belly (abdomen). They penetrate
the diaphragm muscle to enter the lungs. Once inside the lungs, the worms lay eggs
and can survive for years, causing chronic (long-term) paragonimiasis.
Paragonimiasis is
rare in the U.S. Most cases occur in Asia, West Africa, and South and Central
America.
Paragonimiasis Symptoms
Paragonimiasis
causes no symptoms during initial infection. Many people with paragonimiasis
never experience any symptoms. When paragonimiasis symptoms do occur, they
result from the worms’ location and activity in the body, which change over
time.
In the first month
or so after someone is infected, paragonimiasis worms spread through the
abdomen, sometimes causing symptoms that can include:
Worms then travel
from the belly into the chest. There they can cause respiratory symptoms, such
as:
- Cough
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain (made worse by deep breathing or coughing)
Without treatment,
paragonimiasis becomes chronic. It can continue for decades.
The most common
long-term paragonimiasis symptom is a cough with bloody sputum (hemoptysis) that comes and goes. Other chronic
paragonimiasis symptoms may include:
- Belly pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Bloody diarrhea
- Lumps or bumps on the skin of the belly or legs that come and go over time
Some people with
chronic paragonimiasis have no noticeable symptoms.
Inup to 25% of
people hospitalized with paragonimiasis, the worms infect the brain. Symptoms can include:
Paragonimiasis
Diagnosis
Diagnosing
paragonimiasis can be difficult or delayed. That's because its symptoms are
often mild and overlap with more common conditions.
Patient History. Your doctor will get clues about possible
paragonimiasis by looking at the pattern in which your symptoms appeared. Your
doctor will ask about your past eating of undercooked crab or crayfish.
Physical examination. Abnormal breath sounds or belly tenderness observed
with a doctor’s examination of the chest or belly can suggest a problem and
direct further testing.
Blood tests. A high number of a specific type of white blood cells can suggest parasitic infection.
Antibodies against flukes may be present in the blood.
Sputum
microscopy. Fluke eggs may be
detected during examination of coughed-up sputum under a microscope.
Chest X-ray. Nodules (spots) in the lungs, hollowed-out areas
(cysts or cavities), or fluid around the lungs (pleural effusions) may be
present.
CT scan. High-resolution images of the lungs may show more
detailed information than a chest X-ray. Also, CT of the head or abdomen may be
abnormal if paragonimiasis involves the brain or liver.
MRI. Very high-definition images of the brain can identify cysts or brain swelling caused by
paragonimiasis.
Bronchoscopy . A doctor can put an endoscope (flexible tube with a
camera on its tip) through the nose or mouth into the lungs.
Flukes or their eggs are collected from lung fluid samples. The flukes or eggs
may be seen under a microscope.
Thoracentesis. A doctor puts a needle through the chest wall to
sample fluid around the lungs (pleural effusion).
Stool studies. Fluke eggs may be seen in stool samples when examined
under a microscope.
A definite
diagnosis of paragonimiasis is made when fluke eggs are detected in an infected
person’s sputum or stool. But the flukes may not lay eggs until two months
after you are infected. That makes early diagnosis difficult.
In most people,
paragonimiasis can be cured with oral anti-parasite medications. Both praziquantel (Biltricide) and
triclabendazole (Egaten) are approved for treatment. Praziquantel is taken
three times daily for two days, while triclabendazole is taken twice a day, 12
hours apart.
In the rare cases
of paragonimiasis with brain involvement, other treatments may be
necessary, such as anti-seizure medications or surgery to reduce brain
swelling.
Some of The
Herbal Remedies for Treatment of Paragonimiasis In Yoruba Herbal Medicine as
Document by Babalawo Obanifa
1
Egbo abere Isa(unidentified)
Egbo ayinyin(roots
of Trema orientalis)
Egbo Agbosa(roots
of Macaranga barateri)
Eeru(xylopia
aethopica)
Ose dudu die(liitle
local black soap)
Preparation
You pound and
grind the aforementioned items together and
pour it inside Adin(palm kernel oil)
Usage
The patient will
be using it.
2.
Eso Agunmona(fruits
of Culcasia Scandens)
Eso Igbayinrin(fruits
of Solanum Indicum)
Iresile ewe
Ibesere(Fallen leaves of Myrianthus arboreus)
Iyere(Piper guinees)
Preparation
You will pound the
aforementioned items together .use it to cook pork meat.
3
Ota inu Iroko(unidentified)
Isirigun(Mondia
whitei)
Eggbo Igbayinrin(roots
of Solanum Indicum)
Eriru/Eeru(Xylopia
aethopiaca)
Egbo tuderoots of
Calliandra portoriensis)
Preparation
You will grind the
aforementioned items together and use it to cooked Eku eda (a specie of rat)
and eat it.
SOURCES:
https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/paragonimiasis#1
CDC.
"Parasites -- Paragonimiasis (also known as Paragonimus Infection)."
Procop, G. Clinical
Microbiology Reviews, 2009.
Fried, B. Parasitology
Research, 2010.
Harinasuta, T. Infectious
Disease Clinics of North America, 1993.
Yang, S. Diseases
of the Chest, 1959.
Johnson, R. Reviews
of Infectious Diseases, 1985.
Copyright
:Babalawo Pele Obasa Obanifa, phone and whatsapp contact :+2348166343145,
location Ile Ife osun state Nigeria
IMPORTANT NOTICE : As regards the article above, all rights reserved, no part of this article may be reproduced or duplicated in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying and recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without prior written permission from the copyright holder and the author Babalawo Obanifa, doing so is considered unlawful and will attract legal consequences
IMPORTANT NOTICE : As regards the article above, all rights reserved, no part of this article may be reproduced or duplicated in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying and recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without prior written permission from the copyright holder and the author Babalawo Obanifa, doing so is considered unlawful and will attract legal consequences
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