What Is Hematuria?
As I said earlier in a lay man language that Hematuria simply mean seeing of blood in the urine. I had personally research on Hematuria in orthodox way. I find
the explanation of Mayo clinic on diseases to be very elaborate, also www.drug.net also give precise detail on prevent treatment. In my research I must say the explanation of the duo on Hematuria catch my attention as self explanatory to any lay man who want to have pure knowledge of Hematuria. I will adopt some of their views as mine in my explanation of this disease.
Hematuria whish simply mean presence of blood in the urine, is subdivided into two major types. Gross Hematuria and Microscopic Hematuria. Gross Hematuria is when one can see the presence of blood in his or her urine with naked eye. That is the presence of blood is visible in the urine. while Microscopic Hematuria is when the presence of blood in the urine is not visible to naked eye but can only be discovered under Microscopic examination.
Simply put Hematuria as been said to be
the presence of red blood cells in the urine. If there are enough red cells, the urine can become bright red, pink or cola colored. Often, however, the urine appears completely normal because there is not enough blood to cause a color change. In this case, the condition is called"microscopic" hematuria.
Either way, it's important to determine the reason for the bleeding. Treatment depends on the underlying cause.
Symptoms Of Hematuria
The visible sign of hematuria is pink, red or cola-colored urine — the result of the presence of red blood cells. It takes very little blood to produce red urine, and the bleeding usually isn't painful. If you're also passing blood clots in your urine, that can be painful. Bloody urine often occurs without other signs or symptoms.It's possible to have blood in your urine that's visible only under a microscope (microscopic hematuria).
When To seek Medical Treatment
Make an appointment to see your doctor anytime you notice blood in your urine.
Some medications, such as the laxative Ex-lax, and certain foods, including beets, rhubarb and berries, can cause your urine to turn red. However, blood in the urine looks distinctly different.
A change in urine color caused by drugs, food or exercise may go away within a few days. But you can't automatically attribute red or bloody urine to medications or exercise; that's why it's best to see your doctor anytime you see blood in your urine.
The Causes Of Seeing Blood In Your Urine (Hematuria)
What usually happens in Hematuria
is that , your kidneys — or other parts of your urinary tract — allow blood cells to leak into urine. A number of problems can cause this leakage, including:
*.Urinary tract infections.Urinary tract infections often occur when bacteria enter your body through the urethra and begin to multiply in yourbladder. Symptoms can include a persistent urge to urinate, pain and burning with urination, and extremely strong-smelling urine.For some people, especially older adults, the only sign of illness may be microscopic blood.
*.Kidney infections.Kidney infections (pyelonephritis) can occur when bacteria enter your kidneys from your bloodstream or move up from your ureters to your kidney(s). Signs and symptoms are often similar to bladder infections, though kidney infections are more likely to cause fever and flank pain.
*.A bladder or kidney stone.The minerals in concentrated urine sometimes precipitate out, forming crystals on the walls of your kidneys or bladder. Over time, the crystals can become small, hard stones. The stones are generally painless, and you probably won't know you havethem unless they cause a blockage or are being passed. Then there's usually no mistaking the symptoms — kidney stones, especially, can cause excruciating pain. Bladder or kidney stones can also cause both gross and microscopic bleeding.
*.Enlarged prostate.The prostate gland — located just below the bladder and surrounding the top part of the urethra — often begins growing as men approach middle age. When the gland enlarges, it compresses the urethra, partially blocking urine flow.Signs and symptoms of an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH) include difficulty urinating, an urgent or persistent need to urinate, and either visible or microscopic blood in the urine. Infection of the prostate (prostatitis) can cause the same signs and symptoms.
*.Kidney disease.Microscopic urinary bleeding is a common symptom of glomerulonephritis, which causes inflammation of the kidneys' filtering system.Glomerulonephritis may be part of a systemic disease, such as diabetes, or it can occur on its own. It can be triggered by viral or strep infections, blood vessel diseases (vasculitis), and immune problems such as IgA nephropathy, which affects the small capillariesthat filter blood in the kidneys (glomeruli).
*.Cancer.Visible urinary bleeding may be a sign of advanced kidney, bladder or prostate cancer. Unfortunately, you may not have signs or symptoms in the early stages, when these cancers are more treatable.
*.Inherited disorders.Sickle cell anemia — a hereditary defect of hemoglobin in red blood cells — can be the cause of blood in urine, both visible and microscopic hematuria. So can Alport syndrome, which affects the filtering membranes in the glomeruli of the kidneys.
*.Kidney injury.A blow or other injury to your kidneys from an accident or contact sports can cause blood in your urine that you can see.
*.Medications.The anti-cancer drug cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) and penicillin can cause urinary bleeding. Visible urinary blood sometimes occurs if you take an anticoagulant, such as aspirin and the blood thinner heparin, and you also have a condition that causes your bladder to bleed.
*.Strenuous exercise.Although it happens rarely, it's not quite clear why strenuous exercise may lead to gross hematuria. It may be linked to trauma to the bladder, dehydration or the breakdown of red blood cells that occurs with sustained aerobic exercise. Runners are most often affected, although almost any athlete can develop visible urinary bleeding after an intense workout .
How Hematuria Is Diagnosed
This can simply be done by a competent and qualified health practitioners taking sample of your urine to confirm that you have hematuria. In women, blood can get into the urine during menstruation. Your doctor may want to repeat the urine test between periods.
Once your doctor has confirmed that you have hematuria, he or she will ask about your medical history and your family's medical history, especially any history of kidney disease, bladder problems or bleeding disorders.
Your doctor also will ask about any recent trauma or strenuous exercise, recent viral or bacterial infections, the medications you take, and your symptoms, including more frequent urination, pain with urination and pain in your side.
Your doctor also will examine you. He or shewill take your temperature and blood pressure, and will see if you have pain or discomfort in your side or over your bladder.The doctor may recommend that women undergo a pelvic examination, and men undergo a prostate examination.
Your doctor will ask you for a fresh urine sample for a urinalysis. Urine is analyzed in the laboratory to look for protein, white cells and red cells to identify a kidney or bladder infection, or kidney inflammation (glomerulonephritis).
Then, depending on the suspected cause of your hematuria, additional testing may include:
*.Urine culture— In this test, a sample of urine is monitored to see if bacteria grow. This test is used to confirm a kidney or bladder infection.
*.CT scan of the kidneys, ureters and bladder— Most often the computerized tomographic (CT) scan is done without intravenous contrast first. If additional information is still needed, the radiologist may want to inject a dye (also called a contrast medium) into an arm vein. The dye collects in the kidneys and is excreted in the urine, providing an outline of the entire urinarysystem. Tell the radiologist about your allergies, especially any previous reaction to contrast medium.
*.Ultrasound— This test uses sound waves to help establish whether a kidney mass is a noncancerous (benign), fluid-filled cyst or a solid mass, such as a cancerous tumor. Ultrasound also can identify kidney stones.
*.Cystoscopy— In this test, the doctor inserts a flexible telescope into the urethra and passes it into the bladder toinspect the bladder lining for tumors or other problems. This test usually is done with local anesthesia and sedation.
*.Blood tests— These can check for signs of urinary tract infection, kidney failure, anemia (which often accompanies kidney problems), bleeding disorders, or abnormallyhigh levels of blood chemicals that can encourage the formation of kidney stones.
Additional testing for conditions causing kidney inflammation (such as lupus) may be recommended, depending on the findings of the routine blood and urine tests.
What is theExpected Duration for Treatment of Hematuria?
How long hematuria lasts depends on its underlying cause. For example, hematuria relatedto strenuous exercise typically goes away on its own within 24 to 48 hours. Hematuria resulting from a urinary tract infection will end when the infection is cured. Hematuria related to a kidney stone will clear after the stone is passed or removed.
How Hematuria can Be Prevented
It's generally not possible to prevent hematuria, though there are steps you can take to reduce your risk of some of the diseases that cause it. Prevention strategies include:
*.Urinary tract infections.To reduce your risk of urinary tract infections, try drinking plenty of fluids, urinating when you feel the urge and afterintercourse, and wiping from front to back after urination (for women). Avoid feminine hygiene products that may irritate your genitals.
*.Kidney stones.To help lower the likelihood of kidney stones, drink plenty of fluids and limit salt, protein and oxalate-containing foods, such as spinach and rhubarb.
*.Bladder cancer.Stopping smoking, avoiding exposure to chemicals and drinking plenty of fluids can cut your risk of bladder cancer.
*.Kidney cancer.To help prevent kidney cancer, stop smoking, maintain a healthy weight, eat a healthy diet, stay active and avoid exposure to toxic chemicals.
In other to prevent hematuria related to strenuous exercise, switch to a less-intense exercise program. In general, you can help to prevent other forms of hematuria by following a lifestyle that fosters a healthy urinary tract:
*.Stay well hydrated. Drink about eight glassesof fluid daily (more during hot weather).
*.Avoid smoking cigarettes, which are linked to urinary tract cancers.
Orthodox Treatment of Hematuria
Hematuria has no specific treatment. Instead, your doctor will focus on treating the underlying condition. This might include, for instance, taking antibiotics to clear a urinary tract infection, trying a prescription medication to shrink an enlarged prostate, or shock wave therapy to break up bladder or kidney stones.If the underlying condition isn't serious, no treatment is necessary.
. In general, people with exercise-related hematuria do not need any treatment other than to modify their exercise programs. People with drug-related hematuria will improve if they stop taking the medication that caused the problem. Antibiotics typically will cure infection-related hematuria. For other causes of hematuria, treatment may be more complex:
*.Kidney stones— Smaller stones sometimes can be flushed from the urinary tract by drinking lots of fluids. Larger stones may require surgery or lithotripsy, a procedure that breaks up the stone.
*.Trauma— Treatment depends on the type and severity of injuries. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary.
*.Tumor in bladder or kidney— Treatment is determined by the type of cancer and how much the cancer has spread (its stage), as well as by the patient's age, general health and personal preferences. The primary typesof treatment are surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy, a typeof treatment that stimulates the immune system to fight cancer.
*.Glomerulonephritis— Treatment may include antibiotics to treat any infection, medications called diuretics that help to increase the amount of urine excreted from the body, medications to control high blood pressure and dietary changes to reduce the work of the kidneys. However, children who develop glomerulonephritis related to a streptococcal infection often recover after antibiotics without needing additional treatment. If it is caused by an autoimmune disorder, such as lupus, medications to suppress the immune system, are usually prescribed.
*.Bleeding disorders— Treatment depends onthe specific type of bleeding disorder. Patients with hemophilia can be treated withinfusions of clotting factors or with fresh frozen plasma, a type of transfusion that provides missing factors.
Traditional Yoruba Herbal Treatment For Hematuria
*ewe lapa laps pupa(leaves of Jatropha Cossyplifolia )kahun bilala(Trona),ikarahun igbin (Achatina achatina)burned everything together in a pot.grind it into s fine powder. Uses:take it two full table spoons with lime Orange juice (citrus aurantifolia).
*.ododo Asunrin tabi Asunwon (Ring worm plants with scientific name Cassia podocarpa) egunsin bars (bitter gourd with scientific name Citrullus nalatus) kahun bilala (trona) omi osan ganyinganyin(fresh juice if citrus aurantium)adin ayan (Palm kernel oil) cut the bitter gourd in to pieces. Every ingredients listed should be put in local local clay pot.cook together for 1hour.uses two table spoons of it two times a day.
*.eyin open to pon(ripe fruits of Palm tree with scientific name Elaeis guineensis),egbo agbon(root of coconut tree with scientific name coconucifera) epon akukodiye(the ehol testicle of a cock)abere meta(thee new needles). Burn everything together in a Clay pot.then remove all the needle.grind the rest into a fine powder. Uses:one full tea spoon of the powder will be taking with water two times a day. Until heamtoria is cure. This last remedy work effective to cure Hematuria of any kind whether biological or spiritual attack.
Copyright: Babalawo Pele obasa obanifa,phone and WhatsApp contact+2348166343145,location ile Ife Osun state Nigeria.
IMPORTANT NOTICE : As regards the article above, all rights reserved, no part of this article may be reproduced or duplicated in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying and recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without prior written permission from the copyright holder and the author Babalawo Obanifa, doing so is considered unlawful and will attract legal consequences.
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